seal oil, omega3, antioxidant antiaging

SAMPLE OF SCIENTIFIC REFERENCES AND STUDIES ON OMEGA-3 FROM MARINE SOURCES (SEAL AND FISH)

SUPERIORITY OF SEAL OIL COMPARED TO FISH OIL

Ackman and Raynayake, Health Effects of Fish and Fish Oils, Edited by R.K. Chandra.ARTS Biomedical Publishers and Distributors Limited, St. John's Newfoundland, pp.373-393, 1989.

Conclusions: EPA, DHA and DPA in seal oil are located primarily in theterminal positions (sn-1 and sn-3) of the traicylglycerols molecules. These arepresent, mainly, in the middle position

(sn-2) of tricylglycerols in fish oils.

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Hiroko Yoshida, Jun Kumamaru, Miwa Mawatari, Ikuo Ikeda, Katsumi Imaizumi,Hiroaki Tsuji and Akira Seto, Lymphatic Absorption of Seal and Fish Oils and TheirEffect on Lipid Metabolism and Eicasanoid Production in Rats. Laboratory ofNutrition Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Hakozaki, Fukwoka 812-81, Japan.

Conclusions: Seal oil was more effective than fish oil in reducing plasma and Liver triglyceride. Ratio of the productions of aortic prostacyclin and platelet thrombocans stimulated by thrombin was significantly higher in rats fed seal oil than in those fed fish oil. These results suggest that the different intramolecular distribution of EPA and DHA in dietary fat affected lipid metabolism differently in rats.

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Wanasundara and Shahidi, J., Food Lipids 4: 51-64, 1996 and Food Lipids 3: 293-306,1996.

Conclusions : Same as the above study. The difference in the location of the Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) is a major reason for the superior effect of seal oils as compared to fish oils in disease prevention and potential health benefits. Seal oil contains some 4-5% DPA as compared to less than 1% generally present in fish oils.

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CORONARY AND VASCULAR

Angerer P. von Schacky C, Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and the Cardiovascular System. Current Opinion Lipidology 2000 February; 11 (1): 57-63.

Conclusions: Omega-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids, mainly those contained in fish oils, are candidates for inclusion in secondary prevention programs for coronary heart disease, based on the results of recent randomized trials in humans. Marine n-3 PUFAs retard coronary atherosclerosis and appear to prevent fatal arrhythmias; and they decrease mortality subsequent to myocardial infarction.

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Connor SL, Connor WE, Are Fish Oils Beneficial in the Prevention and Treatment ofCoronary Artery Disease? American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 1997 October; 66 (4): 1020S-1031S.

Conclusions: The Omega-3 fatty acids of fish and fish oil have great potential for the prevention and treatment of patients with coronary artery disease. The EPA and DPA of fish oil have multifaceted actions, including: the prevention of arrhythmias, with documentation derived from experiments in cultured myocytes, experiments in animals, epidemiologic correlations and clinical trials. These n-3 fatty acids inhibit ventricular fibrillation and consequent cardiac arrest. EPA has several antithrombotic actions. Fish oil retards the growth of the atherosclerotic plaque by inhibiting both cellular growth factors and the migration of monocytes. The n-3 fatty acids promote the synthesis of the beneficial nitric oxide in the endothelium. Experiments in humans indicate a profound hypolipidemic effect of fish oil, especially lowering of plasma triacylglycerol. Very low density lipoprotein production and apolipoprotein B synthesis are inhibited by fish oil. Fish oil has a mild blood pressure-lowering effect in both normal and mildly hypertensive people. These composite effects suggest a prominent therapeutic role for fish oil in the prevention and treatment of coronary artery disease.

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Goodfellow J, Bellamy MF, Ramsey MW, Jones CJ, Lewis MJ, Dietary Supplementation With Marine Omega-3 Fatty Acids Improve Systemic Large Artery Endothelial Function in Subjects with Hypercholsterolemia. Journal of AmericanCollege of Cardiology, February 2000;35(2): 265-70.

Conclusions: Marine Omega-3 fatty acids improve large artery endothelium-dependent dilation in subjects with hypercholesterolemia without affecting endothelium-independent dilation. Marine Omega 3 fatty acids improve vascular functions. Treatment of human subjects with n-3 at a dose of 4 grams/day for 4 months, compared to a placebo group, showed that treatment with marine n-3 resulted in significant reductions in triglycerides.

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